{"id":7011,"date":"2025-01-15T09:04:49","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T06:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.coeng.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=7011"},"modified":"2025-01-15T09:04:49","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T06:04:49","slug":"examination-of-ph-d-thesis-in-the-chemical-engineering-department-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/en.coeng.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=7011","title":{"rendered":"Examination of Ph.D Thesis in the Chemical Engineering Department"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>The Chemical Engineering Department at the College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, held a Ph.D thesis examination titled:<\/strong><\/p>\n

“<\/strong>Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous SBA-15 Support for Catalytic Hydrodesulfurization of Iraqi Gas Oil<\/em><\/strong>“<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

By the student Yousra Saber Kareem <\/strong>and supervised by Prof. Dr. Hussien Qasim Hussien.<\/strong> The examination committee consisted of Prof. Dr. Najwa Saber Majeed <\/strong>as Chairman and the membership of Prof. Dr. Saad H. Ammar, Prof. Dr. Haider A. Al-Jendeel, Prof. Dr. Sama M. Al-jabouri and Asst. Prof. Dr. Tariq M. Naife<\/strong>. After conducting the public discussion and listening to the student\u2019s defense, the thesis was accepted. The thesis was summarized as follows:<\/p>\n

This work deals with the Hydrodesulfurization of Iraqi gas oil with 14089 ppm sulfur content obtained from the Al-Dora refinery using prepared NiMo\/SBA-15 and NiMoW\/SBA-15 mesoporous catalysts.<\/p>\n

The successful synthesis of sodium silicate, a key component used as a silica source during the preparation of SBA-15, was achieved using 84% silica-rich sand located in the western desert of Iraq by dry fusion method. The effect of NaOH\/sand weight ratios between 1 -1.4 at different fusion temperatures between 400 – 600\u00b0<\/sup>C on the properties of synthesized sodium silicate was studied.<\/p>\n

The successful synthesis of mesoporous Santa Barbara amorphous (SBA-15) with nanoparticle size distribution, different texture properties, and morphologies was a significant achievement. This was attempted by hydrothermal method using prepared sodium silicate as a silica source, and tri-block copolymer P123 as a template in a strong acid medium (pH < 1). The mixtures were mixed using repining conditions of 35\u00b0<\/sup>C at 24 hrs. and aged in a jar test in an oven set at conditions of 100\u00b0<\/sup>C for 24 hrs. The aged mixture was filtered, washed, dried at a temperature of 100\u2103 for a duration of 24 hr., and calcined at a temperature of 550\u2103 for a duration of 6 hrs. The above procedure was repeated using commercial sodium silicate.<\/p>\n

The study focused on analyzing the impact of various parameters on the synthesis of mesoporous SBA-15. 1-3g of three dispersing agents: Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP), and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS). Additionally, 1g of co-surfactants such as Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant, Pluronic F68 as a nonionic surfactant, and Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS) as an anionic surfactant., different ageing temperatures of 100 -130\u00b0<\/sup>C. different aging times of 24 -120 hrs., and a combination of all variables above.<\/p>\n

All prepared samples of sodium silicate, SBA-15, and the commercial one were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X- X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), pH measurement, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Brunauer, Emmet, and Teller (BET), and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).<\/p>\n

The results obtained show that all the prepared samples of sodium silicate represent alkaline type. Also, the closest properties to the commercial sodium silicate were estimated at conditions of 1 NaOH\/sand wt. ratio at 600\u00b0<\/sup>C.<\/p>\n

The XRD and FTIR tests represent amorphous SBA-15 with silanol (Si=O) and siloxane (Si-O-Si) main chemical groups. AFM tests indicate that all prepared samples have a nano average particle size distribution. All the variables except ageing time used to synthesize SBA-15 have a clear influence on the surface area with no effect on the pore size The texture properties of prepared SBA-15 samples were between 210-900 m2<\/sup>\/g surface area, 0.17-0.7 cm3<\/sup>\/g pore volume, and 1.92-13.45 nm pore size. The highest values of the surface area were recorded at conditions of using 1g CTAB at ageing conditions of 100\u00b0<\/sup>C for 24 hrs., while the highest values of pore volume and pore size were obtained without any additives at ageing conditions of 120\u00b0<\/sup>C for 120 hrs. Using of a combination of all variables produces superior texture properties of 540 m2<\/sup>\/g surface area, 0.85 cm3<\/sup>\/g pore volume, and 8.83 nm pore size, with average nanoparticle size reaching 72.98nm, so these experiments were used as a support during the preparation of Hydrodesulfurization catalysts. The morphology of prepared SBA-15 samples was transferred from spherical and semi-spherical shapes to small rods and platelet shapes at different conditions.<\/p>\n

Using nano \u03b3 alumina as an inorganic binder and poly acrylic amide as an organic binder, prepared SBA-15 was successfully moulded to an extrudate shape with a slight decrease in surface area.<\/p>\n

A co-wet-impregnation technique was used to prepare NiMo\/SBA-15 with metal loadings of 5% and 17% of Ni and Mo oxides, respectively, while NiMoW\/SBA-15 was prepared by loading 5% NiO and 14% of both MoO3<\/sub> and WO3<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

The HDS activity of both prepared catalysts was tested at reaction temperatures between 275 to 350\u00b0C, liquid hour space velocity between 1-4 hr-1<\/sup>, 40 bar hydrogen pressure, and an H2<\/sub>\/HC ratio of 200\/200 ml\/ml.<\/p>\n

It was concluded that NiMoW\/SBA-15 has higher activity for HDS of gas oil than NiMo\/SBA-15. The sulfur removal percentages reached their optimum values of 60, and 75% using NiMo\/SBA-15, and NiMoW\/SBA-15 respectively at conditions of 350\u00b0<\/sup>C, and LHSV 1hr-1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

The Hydrodesulfurization data fitted a second-order kinetic model. The activation energies of HDS of gas oil were 33, and 50.47 KJ\/mole using NiMo\/SBA-15, and NiMoW\/SBA-15 respectively.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_gallery interval=”3″ images=”7012″ img_size=”large” css=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] \u00a0The Chemical Engineering Department at the College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, held a Ph.D thesis examination titled: “Synthesis … <\/i>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":165,"featured_media":7012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32,31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chemical-engineering","category-thesis"],"yoast_head":"\nExamination of Ph.D Thesis in the Chemical Engineering Department - College of Engineering<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/en.coeng.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=7011\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Examination of Ph.D Thesis in the Chemical Engineering Department - 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