“<\/strong>Adsorption of Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic by porcelanite: Experimental, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies”<\/strong><\/p>\n By the student Ahmed Abdul malik Fayyad and supervised by Prof. Dr. Khalid Khazzal Hummadi. The examination committee consisted of Prof. Dr. Zainab Ziad Esmail as Chairman, and the membership of Professor Dr. Firas Hashim Qamar, and Assist. Prof. Dr. Hussein Majeed Flayh. After conducting the public discussion and listening to the student\u2019s defense, the thesis was accepted. It was summarized as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n The antibiotics emergence in water bodies documented as a global critical pollution. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) attitude an important risk to the all ecosystem specially the human\u2019s health because of its accumulation in water resources that caused a chronic health complication and threaten aquatic life. so, it is critical to suitably remove CIP antibiotic from wastewater. Costs of wastewater treatment can be reduced significantly using low cost and natural adsorbents. In this work, locally and natural adsorbent as porcelinite rock (PC) were examined for the removal of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) from contaminated solutions in batch and continuous fluidized bed column. Various variables like pH, initial concentration of antibiotic, detention time, adsorbent dose, and particles size has been investigated in the batch mode system. FTIR analysis shows that the main function group of PC responsible for the adsorption mechanism was silanol-OH and Si-OH-Si. XRD analysis revealed that PC compound is mostly quartz. <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In batch system the pH, PC dosage, reaction time and different concentrations of CIP were studied. RL value (0\u02c2RL\u02c21) state the adsorption is favorable process. Freundlich intensity (n\u02c31) proposed that adsorption process is preferential. The more fitted model that has the largest value of R2 of (0.985) is Langmuir Model. The kinetic study indicated that the second-order is the close-fitting kinetic model that describe adsorption behaver. Thermodynamic study state that there is no significant effect of temperature on the CIP adsorption. The viability and spontaneity of adsorption process state by the \u0394G negative value. as well as, an endothermic nature, and perfect affinity of adsorbate to adsorbent were state by the Positive value of \u0394H and \u0394S. A fluidized bed reactor was adopted for the continuous removal of CIP, the influence of initial bed depth, solution flow rate, and initial CIP concentrations were investigated. The minimum fluidization velocity (Umf) increased from 0.01 to 0.153 m\/s when the bed high increasing from 6 to 35 cm. The concentration profile cleared that the column package reach equilibrium quickly for lower bed heights. Saturation point reach early with increasing the initial concentration and flow rate. The natural PC have relatively good efficiency in Ciprofloxacin adsorption from synthesis wastewater.<\/strong><\/p>\n
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